- Akiba
T, Marumo F, Owada A., et al. Controlled trial of falecalcitriol
versus alfacalcidol in suppression of parathyroid hormone in hemodialysis
patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Am J Kidney Dis.
1998;32:238-46.
- Akizawa T, Kinugasa E, Kurihara S, et al. Parathyroid hormone
deficiency is an indicator of poor nutritional state and prognosis
in dialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999;10:615A.
- Alfrey
AC, LeGendre GR, Kaehny WD. The dialysis encephalopathy syndrome.
Possible aluminum intoxication. N Engl J Med. 1976;294:184-8.
- Almaden
Y, Canalejo A, Hernandez A, et al. Direct effect of phosphorus
on PTH secretion from whole rat parathyroid glands in vitro. J
Bone Miner Res. 1996;11:970-6.
- Almaden
Y, Hernandez A, Torregrosa V, et al. High phosphate level
directly stimulates parathyroid hormone secretion and synthesis
by human parathyroid tissue in vitro. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:1845-52.
- Amann
K, Tornig J, Flechtenmacher C, Nabokov A, Mall G, Ritz E.
Blood-pressure-independent wall thickening of intramyocardial
arterioles in experimental uraemia - evidence for a permissive
action of PTH. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995;10:2043-8.
- Amann
K, Ritz C, Adamczak M, Ritz E. Why is coronary heart disease
of uraemic patients so frequent and so devastating? Nephrol Dial
Transplant. 2003;18:631-40.
- Amann
K, Tornig J, Kugel B, et al. Hyperphosphatemia aggravates
cardiac fibrosis and microvascular disease in experimental uremia.
Kidney Int. 2003;63:1296-1301.
- Andress
DL, Endres DB, Maloney NA, Kopp JB, Coburn JW, Sherrard DJ.
Comparison of parathyroid hormone assays with bone histomorphometry
in renal osteodystrophy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986;63:1163-9.
- Andress
DL, Norris KC, Coburn JW, Slatopolsky E, Sherrard DJ. Intravenous
calcitriol in the treatment of refractory osteitis fibrosa of
chronic renal failure. N Engl J Med. 1989;5:274-9.
- Aparicio
M, Combe C, Lafage MH, de Precigout V, Potaux L, Bouchet JC.
In advanced renal failure, dietary phosphorus restriction reverses
hyperthyroidism independent of changes in the levels of calcitriol.
Nephron. 1993;63:122-3.
- Argiles
A, Kerr PG, Canaud B, Flavier JL, Mion C. Calcium kinetics
and the long-term effects of lowering dialysate calcium concentration.
Kidney Int. 1993;43:630-40.
- Argiles
A, Mourad G. How do we have to use the calcium in the dialysate
to optimize the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism? Nephrol
Dial Transplant. 1998;13[Suppl3]:62-4.
- Arnold
A, Brown MF, Urena P, Gaz RD, Safarti E, Drüeke TB. Monoclonality
of parathyroid tumors in chronic renal failure and in primary
parathyroid hyperplasia. J Clin Invest. 1995;95:2047-54.
- Atsumi
K, Kushida K, Yamazaki K, Shimizu S, Ohmura A, Inoue T. Risk
factors for vertebral fractures in renal osteodystrophy. Am J
Kidney Dis. 1999;33:287-293.
- Aubia
J, Serrano S, Marinoso L, et al. Osteodystrophy of diabetics
in chronic dialysis: a histomorphometric study. Calcif Tissue
Int. 1988;42:297-301.
- Avbersek-Luznik
I, Malesic I, Rus I, Marc J. Increased levels of osteoprotegerin
in hemodialysis patients. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2002;40:1019-23.
- Avram
MM, Sreedhara R, Avram DK, Muchnick RA, Fein P. Enrollment
parathyroid hormone level is a new marker of survival in hemodialysis
and peritoneal dialysis therapy for uremia. Am J Kidney Dis. 1996;28:924-30.
- Avram
MM, Mittman N, Myint MM, Fein P. Importance of low serum intact
parathyroid hormone as a predictor of mortality in hemodialysis
and peritoneal dialysis patients - 14 years of prospective observation.
Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;38:1351-7.
- Baker
LRI, Muir JW, Sharman VL, et al. Controlled trial of calcitriol
in hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol. 1986;26:185-91.
- Baker
LRI, Abrams SML, Roe CJ, et al. 1,25(OH)2D3 administration
in moderate renal failure - A prospective double-blind trial.
Kidney Int. 1989;35:661-9.
- Basu
A, Chakrabarty K, Chatterjee GC. Neurotoxicity of lanthanum
chloride in newborn chicks. Toxicol Lett. 1982;14:21-5.
- Bayard
F, Bec P, Ton That H, Louvet JP. Plasma 25-hydroxycholecalciferol
in chronic renal failure. Europ JClin Invest. 1973;3:447-50.
- Bekker
PJ, Holloway D, Nakanishi A, Arrighi M, Leese PT, Dunstan CR.
The effect of a single dose of osteoprotegerin in postmenopausal
women. J Bone Miner Res. 2001;16:348-60.
- Berl
T, Berns AS, Huffer WE, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol
effects in chronic dialysis. Ann Int Med. 1978;88:774-80.
- Bertoli
M, Luisetto G, Ruffatti A, Urso M, Romagnoli G. Renal function
during calcitriol therapy in renal failure. Clin Nephrol. 1990;33:98-102.
- Bianchi
ML, Colantonio G, Campanini F, et al. Calcitriol and calcium
carbonate therapy in early chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial
Transplant. 1994;9:1595-9.
- Bichara
M, Mercier O, Borensztein P, Paillard M. Acute metabolic acidosis
enhances circulating parathyroid hormone, which contributes to
the renal response against acidosis in the rat. J Clin Invest.
1990;86:430-43.
- Bittar
AE, Ratcliffe PJ, Richardson AJ, Brown RC, Woodhead JS, Morris
RJ. Hyperparathyroidism, hypertension and loop diuretic medication
in renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1989;4:740-4.
- Blacher
J, Guerin AP, Pannier B, Marchais SJ, London GM. Arterial
calcifications, arterial stiffness, and cardiovascular risk in
end-stage renal disease. Hypertension. 2001;38:938-42.
- Blind
E, Schmidt-Gayk H, Scharla S, et al. Two site assay of intact
parathyroid hormone in the investigation of primary hyperparathyroidism
and other disorders of calcium metabolism compared with a midregion
assay. J Clin Endocrin Metab. 1988;67:353-60.
- Block
GA, Hulbert-Shearon TE, Levin NW, Port FK. Association of
serum phosphorus and calcium x phosphate product with mortality
risk in chronic hemodialysis patients - a national study. Am J
Kidney Dis. 1998;31:607-17.
- De
Boer IH, Gorodetskaya I, Young B, Hsu CY, Chertow GM. The
severity of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal insufficiency
is GFR-dependent, race-dependent, and associated with cardiovascular
disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13:2762-9.
- De
Broe ME, D'Haese PC, Couttenye MM, Van Landeghem GF, Lamberts
LV. New insights and strategies in the diagnosis and treatment
of aluminium overload in dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant.
1993;8[Suppl1]:47-50.
- De Broe ME. Fosrenol (Lanthanum carbonate) vs calcium carbonate
for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia - A comparison of the
effects on bone using biopsy examination. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13:769A.
- Bogin
E, Massry SG, Harary I. Effect of parathyroid hormone on rat
heart cells. J Clin Invest. 1981;67:1215-27.
- Bonifacio
DL, Malineni K, Kadakia RA, Soman SS, Sandberg KR, McCullough
PA. Coronary calcification and cardiac events after percutaneous
intervention in dialysis patients. J Cardiovasc Risk. 2001;8:133-7.
- Bothe V, Schmidt-Gayk H, Armbruster PP, Mayer E. Assay for
the diagnosis of hyper- and hypovitaminosis D Ärztl Lab. 1984;30:151-6.
- Brandi
L, Egfjord M, Olgaard K. Pharmacokinetics of 1,25(OH)2D3 and
1alpha(OH)D3 in normal and uraemic men. Nephrol Dial Transplant.
2002;17;829-42.
- Braun
J, Oldendorf M, Moshage W, Heidler R, Zeitler E, Luft FC.
Electron beam computed tomography in the evaluation of cardiac
calcification in chronic dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1996;27:394-401.
- Bricker
NS, Slatopolsky E, Reiss E, Avioli LV. Calcium, phosphorus,
and bone in renal disease and transplantation. Arch Int Med. 1969;123:543-50.
- Briner
W, Rycek RF, Moellenberndt A, Dannull K. Neurodevelopmental
effects of lanthanum in mice. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2000;22:573-81.
- Bro
S, Olgaard K. Effects of excess PTH on nonclassical target
organs. Am J Kidney Dis. 1997;30:606-20.
- Brossard
JH, Cloutier M, Roy L, Lepage R, Gascon-Barré M, D'Amour P.
Accumulation of a non-(1-84) molecular form of parathyroid hormone
(PTH) detected by intact PTH assay in renal failure - Importance
in the interpretation of PTH values. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1996;81:3923-9.
- Brossard
JH, Lepage R, Cardinal H, et al. Influence of glomerular filtration
rate on non-(1-84) parathyroid hormone (PTH) detected by intact
PTH assays. Clin Chem. 2000;46:697-703.
- Brown AJ, Slatopolsky E. Mechanisms for the selective actions
of vitamin D analogs. In: Feldman D. Vitamin D. San Diego: Academic
Press; 1997:995-1009.
- Brown
EM, Wilson RE, Eastman RC, Pallotta J, Marynick SP. Abnormal
regulation of parathyroid hormone release in secondary hyperparathyroidism
due to chronic renal failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1982;54:172-9.
- Brown
EM, Gamba G, Riccardi D, et al. Cloning and characterization
of an extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor from bovine parathyroid.
Nature. 1993;366:575-80.
- Brown
EM, MacLeod RJ. Extracellular calcium sensing and extracellular
calcium signaling. Physiol Rev. 2001;81:239-97.
- Bucay
N, Sarosi I, Dunstan CR, et al. Osteoprotegerin-deficient
mice develop early onset osteoporosis and arterial calcification.
Genes Dev. 1998;12:1260-8.
- Bushinsky
DA. Effects of metabolic and respiratory acidosis on bone.
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1993;2:588-96.
- Canalejo
A, Almaden Y, Torregrosa V, et al. The in vitro effect of
calcitriol on parathyroid cell proliferation and apoptosis. J
Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;11:1865-72.
- Cannata
JB, Diaz Lopez JB. Insights into the complex aluminium and
iron relationship. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1991;6:605-7.
- Carling
T, Kindmark A, Hellman P, Holmberg L, Akerstrom G, Rastad J.
Vitamin D receptor alleles b, a, and T: Risk factors for sporadic
primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) but not HPT of uremia or MEN1.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997;231:329-32.
- Cavatorta F, Delfino G, Solar P, Vagge R, Queirolo C. L'uso
del diclorometilendifosfonato nel trattamento dell'osteodistrofia
uremica: dati preliminari. G Ital Nefrol. 1989;6:135.
- Charhon
SA, Delmas PD, Malaval P, et al. Serum bone Gla-protein in
renal osteodystrophy - comparison with bone histomorphometry.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986;63:892-7.
- Chen
NX, O'Neill KD, Duan D, Moe SM. Phosphorus and uremic serum
up-regulate osteopontin expression in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Kidney Int. 2002;62:1724-31.
- Chertow
GM, Dillon M, Burke SK, et al. A randomized trial of sevelamer
hydrochloride (RenaGel) with and without supplemental calcium
- Strategies for the control of hyperphosphatemia and hyperparathyroidism
in hemodialysis patients. Clin Nephrol. 1999;51:18-26.
- Chertow
GM, Burke SK, Raggi P, et al. Sevelamer attenuates the progression
of coronary and aortic calcification in hemodialysis patients.
Kidney Int. 2002;62:245-52.
- Chudek
J, Ritz E, Kovacs G. Genetic abnormalities in parathyroid
nodules of uremic patients. Clin Cancer Res. 1998;4:211-4.
- Coburn
JW, Maung HM. Calcimetic agents and the calcium-sensing receptor.
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2000;9:123-32.
- Coe
FL, Canterbury JM, Firpo JJ, Reiss E. Evidence for secondary
hyperparathyroidism in idiopathic hypercalciuria. J Clin Invest.
1973;52:134-42.
- Coen
G, Mazzaferro S, Bonucci E, et al. Treatment of secondary
hyperparathyroidism of predialysis chronic renal failure with
low doses of 1,25(OH)2D3 - Humoral and histomorphometric results.
Mineral Electrolyte Metab. 1986;12:375-82.
- Coen
G, Mazzaferro S, Ballanti P, et al. Procollagen type I C-terminal
extension peptide in predialysis chronic renal failure. Am J Nephrol.
1992;12:246-51.
- Coen
G, Ballanti P, Mazzaferro S, Pasquali M, Bonucci E. Procollagen
type 1 C-terminal extension peptide, PTH and 1,25(OH)2D3 in chronic
renal failure. Bone. 1993;14:415-20.
- Coen
G, Mazzaferro S, Ballanti P, et al. Renal bone disease in
76 patients with varying degrees of predialysis chronic renal
failure - a cross-sectional study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996;11:813-9.
- Coen
G, Ballanti P, Bonucci E, et al. Bone markers in the diagnosis
of low turnover osteodystrophy in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol
Dial Transplant. 1998;13:2294-302.
- Coen
G, Bonucci E, Ballanti P, et al. PTH 1-84 and PTH "7-84" in
the noninvasive diagnosis of renal bone disease. Am J Kidney Dis.
2002;40:348-54.
- Coen
G, Ballanti P, Balducci A, et al. Serum osteoprotegerin and
renal osteodystrophy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17:233-8.
- Cohen
Solal ME, Sebert JL, Boudaillez B, et al. Comparison of intact,
midregion, and carboxyterminal assays of parathyroid hormone for
the diagnosis of bone disease in hemodialyzed patients. J Clin
Endocrinol Metab. 1991;73:516-24.
- Collins
MT, Skarulis MC, Bilezikian JP, Silverberg SJ, Spiegel AM, Marx
SJ. Treatment of hypercalcemia secondary to parathyroid carcinoma
with a novel calcimimetic agent. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:1083-8.
- Couttenye
MM, D'Haese PC, Van Hoof VO, et al. Low serum levels of alkaline
phosphatase of bone origin - a good marker of adynamic bone disease
in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996;11:1065-72.
- Couttenye
MM, D'Haese PC, Deng JT, Van Hoof VO, Verpooten GA, De Broe ME.
High prevalence of adynamic bone disease diagnosed by biochemical
markers in a wide sample of the European CAPD population. Nephrol
Dial Transplant. 1997;12:2144-50.
- Cozzolino
M, Lu Y, Finch JL, Slatopolsky E, Dusso AS. P21 waf1 and TGF-alpha
mediate parathyroid growth arrest by vitamin D and high calcium.
Kidney Int. 2001;60:2109-17.
- Cushner
HM, Copley JB, Lindberg JS, Foulks CJ. Calcium citrate, a
nonaluminum-containing phosphate-binding agent for treatment of
CRF. Kidney Int. 1988;33:95-9.
- Davies
MR, Hruska KA. Pathophysiological mechanisms of vascular calcification
in end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int. 2001;60:472-9.
- Delling G. Morphologie und Klassifikation der renalen Osteopathie.
In: Ritz E. 1,25-Dihydroxy-Vitamin D3 - Produktmonographie. Stuttgart:
Schattauer; 1996:73-94.
- Delmez
JA, Tindira C, Grooms P, Dusso A, Windus DW, Slatopolsky E.
Parathyroid suppression by intravenous 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
J Clin Invest. 1989;83:1349-55.
- Delmez
JA, Kelber J, Norword KY, Giles KS, Slatopolsky E. Magnesium
carbonate as a phosphorus binder - a prospective, controlled,
crossover study. Kidney Int. 1996;49:163-7.
- Demay
MB, Kiernan MS, DeLuca HF, Kronenberg HM. Sequences in the
human parathyroid hormone gene that bind the 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin
D3 receptor and mediate transcriptional repression in response
to 1,25-dihyroxyvitamin D3. Proc. Natl Acad Sci USA. 1992;89:8097-101.
- Diaz-Corte
S, Diaz M, Alonso C, Barreto S, Andia J. Prevention, diagnosis
and treatment of renal osteodystrophy in Spain - Preliminary results
from a multicentre enquiry. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1998;13:51-6.
- Dimkovic
NB, Bargman J, Vas S, Oreopoulos DG. Normal or low initial
PTH levels are not a predictor of morbidity/mortality in patients
undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int. 2002;22:204-10.
- Divieti
P, Inomata N, Chapin K, et al. Receptors for the carboxy-terminal
region of PTH(1-84) are highly expressed in osteocytic cells.
Endocrinology. 2001;142:916-25.
- Dobolyi
A, Ueda H, Uchida H, Palkovits M, Usdin TB. Anatomical and
physiological evidence for involvement of tuberoinfundibular peptide
of 39 residues in nociception. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2002;99:1651-6.
- Drachman
R, Baillet G, Gagnadoux MF, de Vernejoul P, Broyer M. Pulmonary
calcifications in children on dialysis. Nephron. 1986;44:46-50.
- Drüeke
TB. The pathogenesis of parathyroid gland hyperplasia in chronic
renal failure. Kidney Int. 1995;48:259-72.
- Drüeke TB, Cunningham J, Goodman WG, et al. Short-term treatment
of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) with the calcimimetic
agent AMG 073. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2001;12:764A.
- Drüeke
TB. Parathyroid gland hyperplasia in uermia. Kidney Int. 2001;59:1182-3.
- Drüeke
TB, Eckardt KU. Role of secondary hyperparathyroidism in erythropoietin
resistance of chronic renal failure patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant.
2002;17[Suppl5]:28-31.
- Dusso
A, Lopez-Hilker S, Rapp N, Slatopolsky E. Extra-renal production
of calcitriol in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 1988;34:368-75.
- Dusso
AS, Brown AJ. Mechanism of vitamin D action and its regulation.
Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;32[Suppl2]:13-24.
- Dusso
AS, Pavlopoulos T, Naumovich L, et al. p21 waf1 and TGF-alpha
mediate dietary phosphate regulation of parathyroid cell growth.
Kidney Int. 2001;59:855-65.
- Eguchi
S, Hirata Y, Imai T, et al. Endothelin receptors in human
parathyroid gland. Biochem. Biophys Res Commun. 1992;184:1448-55.
- Estepa
JC, Aguilera-Tejero E, Lopez I, Almaden Y, Rodriguez M, Felsenfeld
AJ. Effect of phosphate on parathyroid hormone secretion in
vivo. J Bone Miner Res. 1999;14:1848-54.
- European Dialysis and Transplant Association. Proceedings of
the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - Combined report
on regular dialysis and transplantation in Europe IX. 1978.
- European Dialysis and Transplant Association. Proceedings of
the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - Combined report
on regular dialysis and transplantation in Europe XIV. 1989.
- Fajtova
VT, Sayegh MH, Hickey N, Aliabadi P, Lazarus JM, LeBoff MS.
Intact parathyroid hormone levels in renal insufficiency. Calcif
Tissue Int. 1995;57:329-35.
- Falchetti
A, Bale AE, Amorosi A, et al. Progression of uremic hyperparathyroidism
involves allelic loss on chromosome 11. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1993;76:139-44.
- Fan
SL, Cunningham J. Bisphosphonates in renal osteodystrophy.
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2001;10:581-8.
- Farnebo
F, Teh BT, Dotzenrath C, et al. Differenzial loss of heterozygosity
in familial, sporadic, and uremic hyperparathyroidism. Hum Genet.
1997;99:342-9.
- Felsenfeld
AJ, Rodriguez M, Dunlay R, Llach F. A comparison of parathyroid
gland function in haemodialysis patients with different forms
of renal osteodystrophy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1991;6:244-51.
- Fernandez
E, Montoliu J. Successful treatment of massive uraemic tumoral
calcinosis with daily haemodialysis and very low calcium dialysate.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1994;9:1207-9.
- Fernandez
E, Fibla J, Betriu A, Piulats JM, Almirall J, Montoliu J.
Association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and
relative hypoparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure.
J Am Soc Nephrol. 1997;8:1546-52.
- Ferreira
A, Simon P, Drüeke TB, Descamps-Latscha B. Potential role
of cytokines in renal osteodystrophy. Nephrol Dial Transplant.
1996;11:399-400.
- Fine
A, Cox D, Fontaine B. Elevation of serum phosphate affects
parathyroid hormone levels in only 50% of hemodialysis patients,
which is unrelated to changes in serum calcium. J Am Soc Nephrol.
1993;3:1947-53.
- Fine
A, Zacharias J. Calciphylaxis is usually non-ulcerating: risk
factors, outcome and therapy. Kidney Int. 2002;61:2210-7.
- Fisher
ER, Harris DCH. Comparison of intermittent oral and intravenous
calcitriol in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Clin Nephrol. 1993;40:216-20.
- Fletcher
S, Jones RG, Rayner HC, et al. Assessment of renal osteodystrophy
in dialysis patients: use of bone alkaline phosphatase, bone mineral
density and parathyroid ultrasound in comparison with bone histology.
Nephron. 1997;75:412-9.
- Floege
J, Burchert W, Brandis A, et al. Imaging of dialysis-related
amyloid (AB-amyloid) deposits with 131I-beta 2-microglobulin.
Kidney Int. 1990;38:1169-76.
- Foley
RN, Parfrey PS, Sarnak MJ. Clinical epidemiology of cardiovascular
disease in chronic renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;32[Suppl3]:S112-9.
- Fournier
A, Coevoet B, de Fremont JF, et al. Propranolol therapy for
secondary hyperparathyroidism in uraemia. Lancet. 1978;2:50-1.
- de
Francisco AL, Amado JA, Cotorruelo JG, et al. Pulsatile-secretion
of parathyroid hormone in patients with chronic renal failure.
Clin Nephrol. 1993;39:224-8.
- de
Francisco AL, Cobo MA, Setien MA, et al. Effect of serum phosphate
on parathyroid hormone secretion during hemodialysis. Kidney Int.
1998;54:2140-5.
- de
Francisco AL, Fresnedo GF, Rodrigo E, Pinera C, Amado JA, Arias
M. Parathyroidectomy in dialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2002;80[Suppl]:161-6.
- Fraser
DR. Regulation of the metabolism of vitamin D. Physiol Rev.
1980;60:551-613.
- Frazao
JM, Elangovan L, Maung HM, et al. Intermittent doxercalciferol
(1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D2) therapy for secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;36:550-61.
- Fujii
Y, Tomic M, Stojilkovic SS, et al. Effects of endothelin-1
on Ca2+ signaling and secretion in parathyroid cells. J Bone Miner
Res. 1995;10:716-25.
- Fukagawa
M, Kaname S, Igarashi T, Ogata E, Kurokawa K. Regulation of
parathyroid hormone synthesis in chronic renal failure in rats.
Kidney Int. 1991;39:874-81.
- Fukagawa
M, Akizawa T, Kurokawa K. Is aplastic osteodystrophy a disease
of malnutrition? Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2000;9:363-7.
- Fukuda
N, Tanaka H, Tominaga Y, Fukagawa M, Kurokawa K, Seino Y.
Decreased 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor density is associated
with a more severe form of parathyroid hyperplasia in chronic
uremic patients. J Clin Invest. 1993;92:1436-43.
- Gabay
C, Ruedin P, Slosman D, et al. Bone mineral density in patients
with end-stage renal failure. Am J Nephrol. 1993;13:115-23.
- Gagne
ER, Urena P, Leite-Silva S, et al.. Short- and long-term efficacy
of total parathyroidectomy with immediate autografting compared
with subtotal parathyroidectomy in hemodialysis patients. JAm
Soc Nephrol. 1992;3:1008-17.
- Gallieni
M, Brancaccio D, Padovese P, et al. Low-dose intravenous calcitriol
treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients.
Kidney Int. 1992;42:1191-8.
- Ganesh
SK, Stack AG, Levin NW, Hulbert-Shearon T, Port FK. Association
of elevated serum PO4, Ca x PO4 product, and parathyroid hormone
with cardiac mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients.
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2001;12:2131-8.
- Gao
P, Scheibel S, D'Amour P, et al. Development of a novel immunoradiometric
assay exclusively for biologically active whole parathyroid hormone
1-84 - implications for improvement of accurate assessment of
parathyroid function. J Bone Min Res. 2001;16:605-14.
- Gerakis
A, Hutchison AJ, Apostolou T, Freemont AJ, Billis A. Biochemical
markers for non-invasive diagnosis of hyperparathyroid bone disease
and adynamic bone in patients on haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant.
1996;11:2430-58.
- Ghazali
A, Fardellone P, Pruna A, et al. Is low plasma 25-(OH)vitamin
D a major risk factor for hyperparathyroidism and Looser's zones
independent of calcitriol? Kidney Int. 1999;55:2169-77.
- Gogusev
J, Duchambon P, Stoermann-Chopard C, Giovaninni M, Sarfati E,
Drüeke TB: De novo expression of transforming growth factor-alpha
in parathyroid gland tissue of patients with primary or secondary
uraemic hyperparathyroidism. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996;11:2155-62.
- Gogusev
J, Duchambon P, Hory B, et al. Depressed expession of calcium
receptor in parathyroid gland tissue of patients with primary
or secondary uremic hyperparathyroidism. Kidney Int. 1997;51:328-36.
- Gonzalez
EA, Martin KJ. Coordinate regulation of PTH/PTHrP receptors
by PTH and calcitriol in UMR106-01 osteoblast-like cells. Kidney
Int. 1996;50:63-70.
- Goodman
WG, Duarte ME. Aluminum: effects on bone and role in the pathogenesis
of renal osteodystrophy. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1991;17:221-32.
- Goodman
WG, Goldin J, Kuizon BD, et al. Coronary-artery calcification
in young adults with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing
dialysis. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1478-83.
- Graham
KA, Hoenich NA, Tarbit M, Ward MK, Goodship TH. Correction
of acidosis in hemodialysis patients increases the sensitivity
of the parathyroid glands to calcium. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1997;8:627-31.
- Guerin
AP, London GM, Marchais SJ, Metivier F. Arterial stiffening
and vascular calcifications in end-stage renal disease. Nephrol
Dial Transplant. 2000;15:1014-21.
- Guillot
AP, Hood VL, Runge CF, Gennari FJ. The use of magnesium-containing
phosphate binders in patients with end-stage renal disease on
maintenance hemodialysis. Nephron. 1982;30:114-7.
- Gunther
T, Chen ZF, Kim J, et al. Genetic ablation of parathyroid
glands reveals another source of parathyroid hormone. Nature.
2000;406:199-203.
- Haas
M, Leko-Mohr Z, Roschger P, et al. Osteoprotegerin and parathyroid
hormone as markers of high-turnover osteodystrophy and decreased
bone mineralization in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis.
2002;39:580-6.
- Halleen
J, Hentunen TA, Hellman J, Vaananen HK. Tartrate-resistant
acid phosphatase from human bone: purification and development
of an immunoassay. J Bone Miner Res. 1996;11:1444-52.
- Halloran
BP, Schaefer P, Lifschitz M, Levens M, Goldsmith RS. Plasma
vitamin D metabolite concentrations in chronic renal failure -
Effect of oral administration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. J Clin
Endocrinol Metab. 1984;59:1063-9.
- Hamdy
NAT, McCloskey EV, Brown CB, Kanis JA. Effects of clodronate
in severe hyperparathyroid bone disease in chronic renal failure.
Nephron. 1990;56:6-12.
- Hamdy
NAT, Risteli J, Risteli L, et al. Serum type I procollagen
peptide: a non-invasive index of bone formation in patients on
haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1994;9:511-6.
- Hamdy
NA, Kanis JA, Beneton MN, et al. Effect of alfacalcidol on
natural course of renal bone disease in mild to moderate renal
failure. Brit Med J. 1995;310:358-63.
- Hara
S, Ubara Y, Arizono K, et al. Relation between parathyroid
hormone and cardiac function in long-term hemodialysis patients.
Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1995;21:72-6.
- Heaf
J. Causes and consequences of adynamic bone disease. Nephron.
2001;88:97-106.
- Hercz
G, Coburn JW. Prevention of phosphate retention and hyperphosphatemia
in uremia. Kidney Int. 1987;22[Suppl]:S215-20.
- Hercz
G, Pei Y, Greenwood C, et al. Aplastic osteodystrophy without
aluminum - The role of "suppressed" parathyroid function. Kidney
Int. 1993;44:860-6.
- Hercz G, Sherrard DJ, Chan W, Pei Y. Aplastic osteodystrophy
- Follow-up after 5 years. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1994;5:851A.
- Hergesell
O, Ritz E. Phosphate binders on iron basis: a new perspective?
Kidney Int. 1999;73[Suppl]:S42-5.
- Hergesell
O, Ritz E. Stabilized polynuclear iron hydroxide is an efficient
oral phosphate binder in uraemic patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant.
1999;14:863-7.
- Hernandez
A, Concepcion MT, Rodriguez M, Salido E, Torres A. High phosphorus
diet increases preproPTH mRNA independent of calcium and calcitriol
in normal rats. Kidney Int. 1996;50:1872-8.
- Hernandez
D, Concepcion MT, Lorenzo V, et al. Adynamic bone disease
with negative aluminium staining in predialysis patients - prevalence
and evolution after maintenance dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant.
1994;9:517-23.
- Herrmann
P, Ritz E, Schmidt-Gayk H, et al. Comparison of intermittent
and continuous oral administration of calcitriol in dialysis patients
- A randomized prospective trial. Nephron. 1994;67:48-53.
- Hofbauer
LC, Schoppet M. Osteoprotegerin: a link between osteoporosis
and arterial calcification? Lancet. 2001;358:257-9.
- Holick
MF, de Blanco MC, Clark MB, et al. The metabolism of [6-3H]1alpha,
hydroxycholecalciferol to [6-3H]1alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
in a patient with renal insufficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1977;44:595-8.
- Hruska
K. New concepts in renal osteodystrophy. Nephrol Dial Transplant.
1998;13:2755-60.
- Hsu
CH, Patel SR, Young EW. New phosphate binding agents: ferric
compounds. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999;10:1274-80.
- Hsu
CH, Patel SR, Vanholder R. Mechanism of decreased intestinal
calcctriol receptor concentration in renal failure. Am J Physiol.
1993;264:F662-9.
- Huang
JY, Huang CC, Lim PS, Wu MS, Leu ML. Effect of body iron stores
on serum aluminum level in hemodialysis patients. Nephron. 1992;61:158-62.
- Husdan
H, Rapaprot A, Locke S. Influence of posture on the serum
concentration of calcium. Metabolism. 1973;22:787-97.
- Hutchinson
AJ, Whitehouse RW, Boulton HF, et al. Correlation of bone
histology with parathyroid hormone, vitamin D3, and radiology
in end-stage renal failure. Kidney Int. 1993;44:1071-7.
- Hutchison
AJ, Whitehouse RW, Freemont AJ, Adams JE, Mawer EB, Gokal R.
Histological, radiological, and biochemical features of the adynamic
bone lesion in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.
Am J Nephrol. 1994;14:19-29.
- Hutchinson AJ. The novel, non-aluminium, non-calcium phosphate
binder, fosrenol , is an effective treatment for hyperphosphatemia
and has a good safety profile. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13:385A-6A.
- Imanishi
Y, Hosokawa Y, Yoshimoto K, et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism
caused by parathyroid-targeted overexpression of cyclin D1 in
transgenic mice. J Clin Invest. 2001;107:1093-101.
- Imanishi
Y, Tahara H, Palanisamy N, et al: Clonal chromosomal defects
in the molecular pathogenesis of refractory hyperparathyroidism
of uremia. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13:490-8.
- Inaba
M, Nagasue K, Okuno S, et al. Impaired secretion of parathyroid
hormone, but not refractoriness of osteoblast, is a major mechanism
of low bone turnover in hemodialyzed patients with diabetes mellitus.
Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:1261-9.
- Inagaki
C, Dousseau M, Pacher N, Sarfati E, Drüeke TB, Gogusev J.
Structural analysis of gene marker loci on chromosomes 10 and
11 in primary and secondary uraemic hyperparathyroidism. Nephrol
Dial Transplant. 1998;13:350-7.
- Indridason
OS, Quarles LD. Oral versus intravenous calcitriol: is the
route of administration really important? Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens.
1995;4:307-12.
- Inomata
N, Akiyama M, Kubota N, Jüppner H. Characterization of a novel
PTH-receptor with specificity for the carboxyl-terminal region
of PTH(1-84). Endocrinology. 1995;136:4732-40.
- Ishimi
Y, Russell J, Sherwood LM. Regulation by calcium and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin
D3 of cell proliferation and function of bovine parathyroid cells
in culture. J Bone Miner Res. 1990;5:755-60.
- Jahnen-Dechent
W, Schafer C, Heiss A, Grotzinger J. Systemic inhibition of
spontaneous calcification by the serum protein alpha 2-HS glycoprotein/fetuin.
Z Kardiol. 2001;90[Suppl3]:47-56.
- Jakoby
MG, Semenkovich CF. The role of osteoprogenitors in vascular
calcification. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2000;9:11-15.
- Jarava
C, Armas JR, Salgueira M, Palma A, et al. Bone alkaline phosphatase
isoenzyme in renal osteodystrophy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996;11[Suppl3]:43-6.
- Jensen
PB, Rasmussen HB, Pedersen FB. Serum concentration of the
aminopropeptide of type I procollagen in patients on haemo- and
peritoneal dialysis. APMIS. 1997;105:371-7.
- Joffe
P, Cintin C, Ladefoged SD, Rasmussen SN. Pharmacokinetics
of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol after intraperitoneal, intravenous
and oral administration in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
Clin Nephrol. 1994;41:364-9.
- Joffe
P, Heaf JG, Hyldstrup L. Osteocalcin: A non-invasive index
of metabolic bone disease in patients treated by CAPD. Kidney
Int. 1994;46:838-46.
- Joffe
PJ, Heaf L, Jensen LT. Type I procollagen propeptide in patients
on CAPD: its relationship with bone histology, osteocalcin, and
parathyroid hormone. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995;10:1912-7.
- John
MR, Goodman WG, Gao P, et al. A novel immunoradiometric assay
detects full-length human PTH but not amino-terminally truncated
fragments: implications for PTH measurements in renal failure.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84:4287-90.
- Jono
S, McKee MD, Murry CE, et al. Phosphate regulation of vascular
smooth muscle cell calcification. Circ Res. 2000;87:E10-7.
- Joy MS, Finn WF. Fosrenol , a novel non-calcium, non-aluminium,phosphate
binder, has a good safety and efficacy profile in the long-term
treatment of hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients. J Am
Soc Nephrol. 2002;13:386A.
- Jüppner
H, Abou-Samra AB, Freeman M, et al. A G protein-linked receptor
for parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related peptide.
Science. 1991;254:1024-6.
- Jüppner
H. Receptors for parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related
peptide: exploration of their biological importance. Bone. 1999;25:87-90.
- Kaji
H, Suzuki M, Yano S, et al. Risk factors for hip fracture
in hemodialysis patients. Am J Nephrol. 2002;22:325-31.
- Kakuta
T, Fukagawa M, Fujisaki T, et al. Prognosis of parathyroid
function after successful percutaneous ethanol injection therapy
guided by color Doppler flow mapping in chronic dialysis patients.
Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;33:1091-9.
- Kanesaka
Y, Tokunaga H, Iwashita K, Fujimura S, Naomi S, Tomita K.
Endothelin receptor antagonist prevents parathyroid cell proliferation
of low calcium diet-induced hyperparathyroidism in rats. Endocrinology.
2001;142:407-13.
- Katoh
N, Nakayama M, Shigematsu T, et al. Presence of sonographically
detectable parathyroid glands can predict resistance to oral pulsed-dose
calcitriol treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Am J Kidney
Dis. 2000;35:465-8.
- Kaye M. Parathyroid surgery in renal failure. Sem Nephrol.
1990:3;86-92.
- Kaye
M, Rosenthal L, Hill RO, Tabah RJ. Long-term outcome following
total parathyroidectomy in patients with end-stage renal disease.
Clin Nephrol. 1993;39:192-7.
- Kazama
JJ, Shigematsu T, Yano K, et al. Increased circulating levels
of osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor (osteoprotegerin) in patients
with chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:525-32.
- Ketteler
M, Bongartz P, Westenfeld R, et al. Association of low fetuin-A
(AHSG) concentrations in serum with cardiovascular mortality in
patients on dialysis - a cross-sectional study. Lancet. 2003;361:827-33.
- Kifor
O, Moore FJ, Wang P, et al. Reduced immunostaining for the
extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor in primary and uremic secondary
hyperparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:1598-1606.
- Kifor
O, Diaz R, Butters R, Kifor I, Brown EM. The calcium-sensing
receptor is localized in caveolin-rich plasma membrane domains
of bovine parathyroid cells. J Biol Chem. 1998;273:21708-13.
- Kilav
R, Silver J, Naveh-Many T. Parathyroid hormone gene expression
in hypophosphatemia. J Clin Invest. 1995;96:327-33.
- Kimura
Y, Nakayama M, Kuriyama S, Watanabe S, Kawaguchi Y, Sakai O.
Pharmacokinetics of active vitamins D3, 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin
D3 and 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in patients on chronic
hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol. 1991;35:72-7.
- Kitaoka
M, Fukagawa M, Ogata E, Kurokawa K. Reduction of functioning
parathyroid cell mass by ethanol injection in chronic dialysis
patients. Kidney Int. 1994;46:1110-7.
- Kleeman
CR. The role of chronic anion gap and/or nonion gap acidosis
in the osteodystrophy of chronic renal failure in the predialysis
era - A minority report. J Mineral Electrol Metab. 1994;20:81-96.
- Kleerekoper
M, Cruz C, Bernstein RS, Levin NW, Foreback CC, Parfitt AM.
The phosphaturic action of PTH in the steady-state in patients.
Adv Exper Med Biol. 1980;128:145-53.
- Kong
YY, Feige U, Sarosi I, et al. Activated T cells regulate bone
loss and joint destruction in adjuvant arthritis through osteoprotegerin
ligand. Nature. 1999;402:304-9.
- Korzets
Z, Magen H, Kraus L, Bernheim J. Total parathyroidectomy with
autotransplantation in haemodialysed patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism-should
it be abandoned? Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1987;2:341-6.
- Krauz
E, Falkiewicz K, Szewczyk Z, et al. Calcification of the mitral
valve annulus and of the aortic valve in patients with transplanted
kidneys. Transplant Proc. 1996;28:3483-4.
- Kremer
R, Bolivar I, Goltzman D, Hendy GN. Influence of calcium and
1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on proliferation and proto-oncogene
expression in primary cultures of bovine parathyroid cells. Endocrinology.
1989;125:935-41.
- Krukeja
SC, Hargis GK, Bowser EN, Henderson WJ, Fisherman EW, Williams
GA. Role of adrenergic stimuli in parathyroid hormone secretion
in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1975;40:478-81.
- Kurokawa
K, Akizawa T, Suzuki M, Akiba T, Ogata E, Slatopolsky E. Effect
of 22-oxacalcitriol on hyperparathyroidism of dialysis patients:
results of a preliminary study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996;11[Suppl3]:121-4.
- Kurz
P, Monier-Faugere MC, Bognar B, et al. Evidence for abnormal
calcium homeostasis in patients with adynamic bone disease. Kidney
Int. 1994;46:855-61.
- Kurz
P, Tsobanelis T, Roth P, et al. Differences in calcium kinetic
pattern between CAPD and HD patients. Clinical Nephrology 1995;44:255-61.
- Kwan
JTC, Almond MK, Beer JC, Noonan K, Evans SJW, Cunningham J.
"Pulse" oral calcitriol in uraemic patients: rapid modification
of parathyroid response to calcium. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1992;7:829-34.
- Lafage
MH, Combe C, Fournier A, Aparicio M. Ketodiet, physiological
calcium intake and native vitamin D improve renal osteodystrophy.
Kidney Int. 1992;42:1217-25.
- Lafage-Proust
MH, Combe C, Barthe N, Aparicio M. Bone mass and dynamic parathyroid
function according to bone histology in nondialyzed uremic patients
after long-term protein and phosphorus restriction. J Clin Endocrinol
Metab. 1999;84:512-9.
- Langub
MC, Koszewski NJ, Turner HV, Monier-Faugere MC, Geng Z, Malluche
HH. Bone resorption and mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor
in patients with renal osteodystrophy. Kidney Int. 1996;50:515-20.
- Lee
WT, Collins JF, Padayachi K, Cundy T. A comparison of oral
and intravenous alfacalcidol in the treatment of uremic hyperparathyroidism.
J Am Soc Nephrol. 1994;5:1344-8.
- Lefebvre
A, de Vernejoul MC, Gueris J, Goldfarb B, Graulet AM, Morieux
C. Optimal correction of acidosis changes progression of dialysis
osteodystrophy. Kidney Int. 1989;36:1112-8.
- Lepage
R, Roy L, Brossard JH, et al. PTH circulating fragment interferes
significantly with intact PTH measurement by commercial assays
in uremic samples. Clin Chem. 1998;44:805-9.
- Li
XQ, Tembe V, Horwitz GM, Bushinsky DA, Favus MJ. Increased
intestinal vitamin D receptor in genetic hypercalciuric rats.
J Clin Invest. 1993;91:661-7.
- Lindberg
JS, Moe SM, Goodman WG, et al. The calcimimetic AMG 073 reduces
parathyroid hormone and calcium x phosphorus in secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Kidney Int. 2003;63:248-54.
- Lindberg
JS, Moe SM. Osteoporosis in end-state renal disease. Semin
Nephrol. 1999;19:115-22.
- Liu
SM, Koszewski N, Lupez M, Malluche HH, Olivera A, Russell J.
Characterization of a response element in the 5'-flanking region
of the avian (chicken) PTH gene that mediates negative regulation
of gene transcription by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and binds the
vitamin D3 receptor. Mol Endocrinol. 1996;10:206-15.
- Ljutic
D, Cameron JS, Ogg CS, Turner C, Hicks JA, Owen WJ. Long-term
follow-up after total parathyroidectomy without parathyroid reimplantation
in chronic renal failure. Quart J Med. 1994;87:685-92.
- Lobao R, Carvalho A, Cuppari L, Ajzen H. Low turnover bone
disease detected by bone densitometry in predialysis chronic
renal failure patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1996;11:11793A.
- London
GM. Left ventricular alterations and end-stage renal disease.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17:29-36.
- Lopes-Hilker
S, Dusso AS, Rapp NS, Martin KJ, Slatopolsky E. Phosphorus
restriction reverses hyperparathyroidism in uremia independent
of changes in calcium and calcitriol. Am J Physiol. 1990;259:F432-7.
- Lopez
Gavilanes E, Gonzalez Parra E, de la Piedra C, Caramelo C, Rapado
A. Clinical usefulness of serum carboxyterminal propeptide
of procollagen I and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase determinations
to evaluate bone turnover in patients with chronic renal failure.
Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1994;20:259-64.
- Lowrie
EG, Lew NL. Death risk in hemodialysis patients: the predictive
value of commonly measured variables and an evaluation of death
rate differences between facilities. Am J Kidney Dis. 1990;15:458-82.
- Lu
KC, Shieh SD, Li BL, Chu P, Jan SY, Lin YF. Rapid correction
of metabolic acidosis in chronic renal failure: effect on parathyroid
hormone activity. Nephron. 1994;67:419-24.
- Lucas
PA, Brown RC, Woodhead JS. Acute responses of parathyroid
hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to unilateral nephrectomy
in healthy donors. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1986;1:199-203.
- Lucas
PA, Brown RC, Woodhead JS. Vitamin D3 metabolites in chronic
renal failure and after renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant.
1988;3:70-6.
- Lund
RJ, Davies MR, Hruska KA. Bone morphogenetic protein-7: an
anti-fibrotic morphogenetic protein with therapeutic importance
in renal disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2002;11:31-6.
- Lundgren
S, Carling T, Hjalm G, et al. Tissue distribution of human
gp330/megalin, a putative Ca2+-sensing protein. J Histochem Cytochem.
1997;45:383-92.
- Luo
G, Ducy P, McKee MD, et al. Spontaneous calcification of arteries
and cartilage in mice lacking matrix GLA protein. Nature. 1997;386:78-81.
- Maher
ER, Pazianas M, Curtis JR. Calcific aortic stenosis: a complication
of chronic uraemia. Nephron. 1987;47:119-22.
- Malberti
F, Marcelli D, Conte F, Limido A, Spotti D, Locatelli F. Parathyroidectomy
in patients on renal replacement therapy: an epidemiologic study.
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2001;12:1242-8.
- Mallette
LE. The hypercalcemias. Sem Nephrol. 1992;12:159-90.
- Malluche
HH, Ritz E, Lange HP, et al. Bone histology in incipient and
advanced renal failure. Kidney Int. 1976;9:355-62.
- Malluche HH, Werner E, Ritz E. Intestinal absorption of calcium
and whole-body calcium retention in incipient and advanced renal
failure. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1978;1:263-70.
- Malluche
HH, Faugere MC, Fanti P, Price PA. Plasma levels of bone GLA-protein
reflect bone formation on chronic maintenance hemodialysis. Kidney
Int. 1984;26:869-74.
- Malluche
HH, Matthews C, Faugere MC, Fant P, Endres DB, Friedler RM.
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 maintains bone cell activity, and parathyroid
hormone modulates bone cell number in dogs. Endocrinology. 1986;119:1298-304.
- Malluche
HH, Faugere MC. Risk of adynamic bone disease in dialyzed
patients. Kidney Int. 1992;42[Suppl]:S62-7.
- Malyszko
J, Wolczynski S, Zbroch E, Brzosko S, Malyszko J, Mysliwiec M.
Serum crosslaps correlations with serum ICTP and urine DPD in
hemodialyzed and peritoneally dialyzed patients. Nephron. 2001;87:283-5.
- Marchais
SJ, Metivier F, Guerin AP, London GM. Association of hyperphosphataemia
with haemodynamic disturbances in end-stage renal disease. Nephrol
Dial Transplant. 1999;14:2178-83.
- Martin
KJ, Gonzalez EA, Gellens M, Hamm LL, Abboud H, Lindberg J.
19-Nor-1-alpha-25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 (Paricalcitol) safely and
effectively reduces the levels of intact parathyroid hormone in
patients on hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:1427-32.
- Mashiba
T, Hirano T, Turner CH, Forwood MR, Johnston CC, Burr DB.
Suppressed bone turnover by bisphosphonates increases microdamage
accumulation and reduces some biomechanical properties in dog
rib. J Bone Miner Res. 2000;15:613-20.
- Massry
SG, Smogorzewski M. Mechanisms through which parathyroid hormone
mediates its deleterious effects on organ function in uremia.
Semin Nephrol. 1994;14:219-31.
- Maung
HM, Elangovan L, Frazao JM, et al. Efficacy and side effects
of intermittent intravenous and oral doxercalciferol (1alpha-hydroxyvitamin
D2) in dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism: a
sequential comparison. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;37:532-43.
- Mawad
HW, Sawaya BP, Sarin R, Malluche HH. Calcific uremic arteriolopathy
in association with low turnover uremic bone disease. Clin Nephrol.
1999;52:160-6.
- Mazzaferro
S, Coen G, Bandini S, et al. Role of ageing, chronic renal
failure and dialysis in the calcification of mitral annulus. Nephrol
Dial Transplant. 1993;8:335-40.
- Mazzaferro
S, Pasquali M, Ballanti P, et al. Diagnostic value of serum
peptides of collagen synthesis and degradation in dialysis renal
osteodystrophy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995;10:52-8.
- McGregor
D, Burn J, Lynn K, Robson R. Rapid resolution of tumoral calcinosis
after renal transplantation. Clin Nephrol. 1999;51:54-8.
- McIntyre
CW, Patel V, Taylor GS, Fluck RJ. A prospective study of combination
therapy for hyperphosphataemia with calcium-containing phosphate
binders and sevelamer in hypercalcaemic haemodialysis patients.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17:1643-8.
- Memmos
DE, Eastwood JB, Talner LB, et al. Double-blind trial of oral
1,25-dihydroxvitamin D3 versus placebo in asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism
in patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis. Br Med J. 1981;282:1919-24.
- Mendes
V, Jorgetti V, Nemeth J, et al. Secondary hyperparathyroidism
in chronic haemodialysis patients: A clinico-pathological study.
Proc EDTA. 1983;20:731-6.
- Milliner
DS, Nebeker HG, Ott SM, et al. Use of the deferoxamine infusion
test in the diagnosis of aluminum-related osteodystrophy. Ann
Intern Med. 1984;101:775-9.
- Mizumoto
D, Watanabe Y, Fukuzawa Y, Yuzawa Y, Yamazaki C. Identification
of risk factors on secondary hyperparathyroidism undergoing long-term
haemodialysis with vitamin D3. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1994;9:1751-8.
- Moallem
E, Kilav R, Silver J, Naveh-Many T. RNA-Protein binding and
posttranscriptional regulation of parathyroid hormone gene expression
by calcium and phosphate. J Biol Chem. 1998;273:5253-9.
- Moe
SM, O'Neill KD, Duan D, et al. Medial artery calcification
in ESRD patients is associated with deposition of bone matrix
proteins. Kidney Int. 2002;61:638-47.
- Monier-Faugere M, Langub M, Malluche HH. Mineralized bone histology
in normal and uremic states. In: Bushinsky DA. Renal osteodystrophy.
Philadelphia: Lippincott Raven; 1998:49-87.
- Monier-Faugere
MC, Geng Z, Mawad H, et al. Improved assessment of bone turnover
by the PTH-(1-84)/large C-PTH fragments ratio in ESRD patients.
Kidney Int. 2001;60:1460-8.
- Moriniere
P, Maurouard C, Boudailliez B, et al. Prevention of hyperparathyroidism
in patients on maintenance dialysis by intravenous 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin
D3 in association with Mg(OH)2 as sole phosphate binder. Nephron.
1992;60:154-63.
- Morishita
T, Nomura M, Hanaoka M, Saruta T, Matsuo T, Tsukamoto Y. A
new assay method that detects only intact osteocalcin. Two-step
non-invasive diagnosis to predict adynamic bone disease in haemodialysed
patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000;15:659-67.
- Morony
S, Capparelli C, Sarosi I, Lacey DL, Dunstan CR, Kostenuik PJ.
Osteoprotegerin inhibits osteolysis and decreases skeletal
tumor burden in syngeneic and nude mouse models of experimental
bone metastasis. Cancer Res. 2001;61:4432-6.
- Nakanishi
S, Kazama JJ, Shigematsu T, et al. Comparison of intakt PTH
assay and whole PTH assay in long-term dialysis patients. Am J
Kidney Dis. 2001;38[Suppl1]:S172-4.
- Nakasato
YR, Janckila AJ, Halleen JM, Vaananen HK, Walton SP, Yam LT.
Clinical significance of immunoassays for type-5 tartrate-resistant
acid phosphatase. Clin Chem. 1999;45:2150-7.
- Nappi
SE, Saha HH, Virtanen VK, Mustonen JT, Pasternack AI. Hemodialysis
with high-calcium dialysate impairs cardiac relaxation. Kidney
Int. 1999;55:1091-6.
- Naveh-Many
T, Friedlaender MM, Mayer H, Silver J. Calcium regulates parathyroid
hormone messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), but not calcitonin
mRNA in vivo in the rat. Dominant role of 1,25-hihydroxyvitamin
D. Endocrinology. 1989;125:275-80.
- Negri
AL, Quiroga MA, Bravo M, et al. Serum crosslaps as bone resorption
marker in peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int. 2002;22:628-30.
- Nichols
P, Owen JP, Ellis HA, Farndon JR, Kelly PJ, Ward MK. Parathyroidectomy
in chronic renal failure: a nine-year follow-up study. Quart J
Med. 1990;77:1175-93.
- Niwa
T, Shiobara K, Hamada T, et al. Serum pyridinolines as specific
markers of bone resorption in hemodialyzed patients. Clin Chim
Acta. 1995;235:33-40.
- Nordal
KP, Dahl E. Low dose calcitriol versus placebo in patients
with predialysis chronic renal failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1988;5:929-36.
- Nussbaum
SR, Zahradnik RJ, Lavigne JR, et al. Highly sensitive two-site
immunoradiometric assay for parathyrin and its clinical utility
in evaluating patients with hypercalcemia. Clin Chem. 1987;33:1364-7.
- Oe
PL, Lips P, van der Meulen J, de Vries PM, van Bronswijk H, Donker
AJ. Long-term use of magnesium hydroxide as a phosphate binder
in patients on hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol. 1987;28:180-5.
- Oh
J, Wunsch R, Turzer M, et al. Advanced coronary and carotid
arteriopathy in young adults with childhood-onset chronic renal
failure. Circulation. 2002;106:100-5.
- Ohta
K, Manabe T, Katagiri M, Harada T. Expression of proliferating
cell nuclear antigens of renal hyperparathyroidism. World J Surg.
1994;18:625-32.
- Okabe
R, Nakatsuka K, Inaba M, et al. Clinical evaluation of the
Elecsys beta-CrossLaps serum assay, a new assay for degradation
products of type I collagen C-telopeptides. Clin Chem. 2001;47:1410-4.
- Olaizola
I, Aznarez A, Jorgetti V, et al. Are there any differences
in the parathyroid response in the different types of renal osteodystrophy?
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1998;13:15-8.
- Olgaard
K, Arbelaez M, Schwartz J, Klahr S, Slatopolsky E. Abnormal
skeletal response to parathyroid hormone in dogs with chronic
uremia. Calcif Tissue Int. 1982;34:403-7.
- Ouseph
R, Leiser JD, Moe SM. Calcitriol and the parathyroid hormone-ionized
calcium curve: a comparison of methodologic approaches. J Am Soc
Nephrol. 1996;497-505.
- Ozono
K, Sone T, Pike JW. The genomic mechanism of action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin
D3. J Bone Miner Res. 1991;10:1021-7.
- Palanisamy
N, Imanishi Y, Rao PH, Tahara H, Chaganti RS, Arnold A. Novel
chromosomal abnormalities identified by comparative genomic hybridization
in parathyroid adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1988;83:1766-70.
- Palmer
RJ, Butenhoff JL, Stevens JB. Cytotoxicity of the rare earth
metals cerium, lanthanum, and neodymium in vitro: comparisons
with cadmium in a pulmonary macrophage primary culture system.
Environ Res. 1987;43:142-56.
- Panuccio
V, Mallamaci F, Tripepi G, et al. Low parathyroid hormone
and pentosidine in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;40:810-5.
- Parfitt
AM. Hypercalcemic hyperparathyroidism following renal transplantation:
Differenzial diagnosis, management, and implications for cell
population control in the parathyroid gland. Mineral Electrolyte
Metab. 1982;8:92-112.
- Payne
RB, Carver ME, Morgan DB. Interpretation of serum total calcium:
effects of adjustment for albumin concentration on frequency of
abnormal values and on detection of change in the individual.
J Clin Pathol. 1979;32:56-60.
- Pei
Y, Hercz G, Greenwood C, et al. Non-invasive prediction of
aluminum bone disease in hemo- and peritoneal dialysis patients.
Kidney Int. 1992;41:1374-82.
- Pei
Y, Hercz G, Greenwood C, et al. Risk factors for renal osteodystrophy:
a multivariant analysis. J Bone Miner Res. 1995;10:149-56.
- Petit
WA, Henrich J, Insogna KL, Milnick ME, Broadus AE. Influence
of furosemide on parathyroid hormone levels in hyperparathyroidism.
N Engl J Med. 1988;318:644-5.
- Picton
ML, Moore PR, Mawer EB, et al. Down-regulation of human osteoblast
PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA in end-stage renal failure. Kidney Int.
2000;58:1440-9.
- Pierratos
A, Ouwendyk M, Francoeur R, et al. Nocturnal hemodialysis:
three-year experience. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:859-68.
- Piraino
B, Chen T, Cooperstein L, Segre G, Puschett J. Fractures and
vertebral bone mineral density in patients with renal osteodystrophy.
Clin Nephrol. 1988;30:57-62.
- Pogglitsch
H, Estelberger W, Petek W, Zitta S, Ziak E. Relationship between
generation and plasma concentration of anorganic phosphorus. In
vivo studies on dialysis patients and in vitro studies on erythrocytes.
Int J Artif Organs. 1989;12:524-32.
- Portale
AA, Boothe BE, Halloran BP, Morris jr RC. Effect of dietary
phosphorus on circulating concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin
D and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone in children with moderate
renal insufficiency. J Clin Invest. 1984;73:1580-9.
- Potts jr JT, Jüppner H. Parathyroid hormone and parathyroid
hormone-related peptide in calcium homeostasis, bone metabolism,
and bone development: the proteins, their genes, and receptors.
In: Avioli LV, Crane SM. Metabolic Bone Disease. New York: Academic;
1997:51-94.
- Qi
Q, Monier-Faugere MC, Geng Z, Malluche HH. Predictive value
of serum parathyroid hormone levels for bone turnover in patients
on chronic maintenance dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;26:622-31.
- Quarles
LD, Lobaugh B, Murphy G. Intact parathyroid hormone overestimates
the presence and severity of parathyroid mediated osseous abnormalities
in uremia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992;75:145-50.
- Quarles
LD, Yohay DA, Carrol BA, et al. Prospective trial of pulse
oral versus intravenous calcitriol treatment of hyperparathyroidism
in ESRD. Kidney Int. 1994;45:1710-21.
- Quarles
LD, Sherrard DJ, Adler S, et al. The calcimimetic AMG 073
as a potential treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism of
end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003;14:575-83.
- Raggi
P, Boulay A, Chasan-Taber S, et al. Cardiac calcification
in adult hemodialysis patients - A link between end-stage renal
disease and cardiovascular disease? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39:695-701.
- Ramirez
JA, Goodman WG, Gornbein J, et al. Direct in vivo comparison
of calcium-regulated parathyroid hormone secretion in normal volunteers
and patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol
Metab. 1993;76:1489-94.
- Ramirez
JA, Goodman WG, Belin TR, Gales B, Segre GV, Salusky IB. Calcitriol
therapy and calcium-regulated PTH secretion in patients with secondary
hyperparathyroidism. Am J Physiol. 1994;267:E961-7.
- Recker
RR, Bammi A, Barger-Lux MJ, Heaney RP. Calcium absorbability
from milk products, an imitation milk, and calcium carbonate.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1988;47:93-5.
- Reichel
H, Koeffler HP, Norman AW. The role of the vitamin D endocrine
system in health and disease. N Engl J Med. 1989;320:980-91.
- Reichel
H, Deibert B, Schmidt-Gayk H, Ritz E. Calcium metabolism in
early chronic renal failure - Implications for the pathogenesis
of hyperparathyroidism. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1991;6:162-9.
- Reichel H, Szabo A. The vitamin D endocrine system. Experimental
and clinical findings related to vitamin D receptor expression
and vitamin D-PTH interactions in health and in renal disease.
Ital J Mineral Electrol Metab. 1993;7:1-8.
- Reichel H, Benzing C. Pathogenese der renalen Osteopathie.
Nieren- und Hochdruckkrankheiten. 1999;28:379-85.
- Reichel H, Benzing C, Roth HJ, Schmidt-Gayk H. Assessment of
risk factors and complications of adynamic bone disease (ABD)
in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Kidney & Blood Press Res. 1999a;22:236.
- Reichel H, Benzing C, Roth HJ, Schmidt-Gayk H. High correlation
of serum tartrate resistant aicd phosphatase (TRAP) as measured
by immunoassay with other markers of bone metabolism in hemodialysis
(HD) patients. Kidney & Blood Press Res. 1999b;22:237.
- Reichel
H, Esser A, Roth HJ, Schmidt-Gayk H. Influence of PTH assay
methodology on differenzial diagnosis of renal bone disease. Nephrol
Dial Transplant. 2003;18:759-68.
- Reichel
H, Deibert B, Geberth S, Schmidt-Gayk H, Ritz E. Frusemide
therapy and intact parathyroid hormone levels in chronic renal
insufficiency. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1992;7:8-15.
- Reiss
E, Canterbury JM, Bercovitz MA, Kaplan EL. The role of phosphate
in the secretion of parathyroid hormone in man. J Clin Invest.
1970;49:2146-50.
- Renaud
H, Atik A, Herve M, et al. Evaluation of vascular calcinosis
risk factors in patients on chronic hemodialysis - lack of influence
of calcium carbonate. Nephron. 1988;48:28-32.
- Rickers
H, Nielsen AH, Smith-Pedersen R, Rodbro P. Bone mineral loss
during maintenance hemodialysis. Acta Med Scand. 1978;204:263-70.
- Ring
T, Sodemann B, Nielsen C, Melsen F, Kornerup HJ. Mineralization
defect but no effect of hypercalcemia during clodronate treatment
in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Clin Nephrol. 1995;44:209-10.
- Risteli
J, Elomaa I, Niemi S, Novario A, Risteli L. Radioimmunoassay
for the pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide
of type I collagen: a new serum marker of bone collagen degradation.
Clin Chem. 1993;39:635-40.
- Ritz
E, Seidel A, Ramisch H, Szabo A, Boullion R. Attenuated rise
of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 in response to parathyroid hormone in
patients with incipient renal failure. Nephron. 1991;57:314-8.
- Ritz
E, Kuster S, Schmidt-Gayk H, et al. Low-dose calcitriol prevents
the rise in 1,84-iPTH without affecting serum calcium and phosphate
in patients with moderate renal failure (prospective placebo-controlled
multicentre trial). Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995;10:2228-34.
- Ritzerfeld
M, Klasser M, Mann H. Alfacalcidol in the therapy of renal
bone disease. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001;39:546-50.
- Rodriguez-Perez
JC, Plaza C, Torres A, et al. Low turnover bone disease is
the more common form of bone disease in CAPD patients. Adv Perit
Dial. 1992;8:376-80.
- Rostand
SG, Drüeke TB. Parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and cardiovascular
disease in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 1999;56:383-92.
- Roussanne
MC, Lieberherr M, Souberielle JC, Safati E, Drüeke TB, Bourdeau
A. Human parathyroid cell proliferation in response to calcium,
NPS R-467, calcitriol and phosphate. Eur J Clin Invest. 2001;31:610-6.
- Rubin
DA, Jüppner H. Zebrafish express the common parathyroid hormone/parathyroid
hormone-related peptide receptor (PTH1R) and a novel receptor
(PTH3R) that is preferentially activated by mammalian and fugufish
parathyroid hormone-related peptide. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:28185-90.
- Russell
J, Lettieri D, Sherwood LM. Suppression by 1,25(OH) 2D3 of
transcription of the pre-proparathyroid gene. Endocrinology. 1986;119:2864-6.
- Salem
MM. Hyperparathyroidism in the hemodialysis population: a
survey of 612 patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1997;29:862-5.
- Salusky
IB, Coburn JW, Brill J, et al. Bone disease in pediatric patients
undergoing dialysis with CAPD or CCPD. Kidney Int. 1988;33:975-82.
- Salusky
IB, Ramirez JA, Oppenheim W, Gales B, Segre GV, Goodman WG.
Biochemical markers of renal osteodystrophy in pediatric patients
undergoing CAPD/CCPD. Kidney Int. 1994;45:253-8.
- Salusky
IB, Goodman WG, Kuizon BD, et al. Similar predictive value
of bone turnover using first- and second-generation immunometric
PTH assays in pediatric patients treated with peritoneal dialysis.
Kidney Int. 2003;63:1801-8.
- Sanchez
CP, Goodman WG, Ramirez JA, et al. Calcium regulated parathyroid
hormone secretion in adynamic renal osteodystrophy. Kidney Int.
1995;48:838-43.
- Sanchez
CP, Salusky IB, Kuizon BD, Abdella P, Jüppner H, Goodman WP.
Growth of long bones in renal failure: roles of hyperparathyroidism,
growth hormone and calcitriol. Kidney Int. 1998;54:1879-87.
- Schmidt
S, Chudek J, Karkoszka H, et al. The BsmI vitamin D-receptor
polymorphism and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nephrol Dial Transplant.
1997;12:1771-2.
- Schomig
M, Ritz E. Management of disturbed calcium metabolism in uraemic
patients - 2. Indications for parathyroidectomy. Nephrol Dial
Transplant. 2000;15[Suppl5]:25-9.
- Schwalbe
S, Holzhauer M, Schaeffer J, Galanski M, Koch KM, Floege J.
Beta 2-microglobulin associated amyloidosis - a vanishing complication
of long-term hemodialysis? Kidney Int. 1997;52:1077-83.
- Sebert
JL, Ruiz JC, Fournier A, et al. Plasma bone Gla-protein: assessment
of its clinical value as an index of bone formation in hemodialyzed
patients. Bone Miner. 1987;2:21-7.
- Segre GV. Receptors for parathyroid hormone and parathyroid
hormone-related protein. In: Bilezikian JP, Raisz LG, Rodan GA.
Principles in Bone Biology. New York: Academic; 1996:377-403.
- Seidel
A, Herrmann P, Klaus G, Mehls O, Schmidt-Gayk H, Ritz E. Kinetics
of plasma iPTH(1-84) after high dose of calcitriol in uremic patients.
Clin Nephrol. 1993;39:210-3.
- Sela-Brown
A, Silver J, Brewer G, Naveh-Many T. Identification of AUF1
as a parathyroid hormone mRNA 3'-untranslated region-binding protein
that determines parathyroid hormone mRNA stability. J Biol Chem.
2000;275:7424-9.
- Sethi
D, Naunton Morgan TC, Brown EA, Jewkes RF, Gower PE. Technetium-99-labelled
methylene diphosphonate uptake scans in patients with dialysis
arthropathy. Nephron. 1990;54:202-7.
- Shearing
CH, Ashby JP, Hepburn DA, Fisher BM, Frier BM. Suppression
of plasma intact parathyroid hormone levels during insulin-induced
hypoglycemia in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992;74:1270-6.
- Sheikh
MS, Maguire JA, Emmett M, et al. Reduction of dietary phosphorus
absorption by phosphorus binders - A theoretical, in vitro, and
in vivo study. J Clin Invest. 1989;83:66-73.
- Sherrard
DJ,Hercz G, Pei Y, et al. The spectrum of bone disease in
end-stage renal failure - an evolving disorder. Kidney Int. 1993;43:436-42.
- Shvil
Y, Naveh-Many T, Barach P, Silver J. Regulation of parathyroid
cell gene expression in experimental uremia. J Am Soc Nephrol.
1990;1:99-104.
- Silver
J, Russell J, Sherwood JM. Regulation by vitamin D metabolites
of messenger ribonucleic acid for preproparathyroid hormone in
isolated bovine parathyroid cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1985;82:4270-3.
- Silver
J, Naveh-Many T, Mayer H, Schmelzer HJ, Popovtzer MM. Regulation
by vitamin D metabolites of parathyroid hormone gene transcription
in vivo in the rat. J Clin Invest. 1986;78:1296-301.
- Silver
J, Yalcindag C, Sela-Brown A, Kilav R, Naveh-Many T. Regulation
of the parathyroid hormone gene by vitamin D, calcium and phosphate.
Kidney Int. 1999;73[Suppl]:S2-7.
- Silver
J. Molecular mechanisms of secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000;15[Suppl5]:S2-7.
- Silverberg
SJ, Bone HG, Marriott TB, et al. Short-term inhibition of
parathyroid hormone secretion by a calcium-receptor agonist in
patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:1506-10.
- Simoes
J, Barata JD, D'Haese PC, De Broe ME. Cela n'arrive qu'aux
autres (aluminium intoxication only happens in the other nephrologist's
dialysis centre) Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1994;9:67-8.
- Slatopolsky
E, Finch J, Denda M, et al. Phosphate restriction prevents
parathyroid cell growth in uremic rats - High phosphate directly
stimulates PTH secretion in vitro. J Clin Invest. 1996;97:2534-40.
- Slatopolsky
E. The role of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D metabolism
in the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nephrol Dial
Transplant. 1998;13:3-8.
- Slatopolsky
E., Burke SK, Dillon MA. RenaGel, a nonabsorbed calcium- and
aluminum-free phosphate binder, lowers serum phosphorus and parathyroid
hormone (The RenaGel Study Group). Kidney Int. 1999;55:299-307.
- Slatopolsky
E, Finch J, Clay P, et al. A novel mechanism for skeletal
resistance in uremia. Kidney Int. 2000;58:753-61.
- Smogorzewski
M, Zayed M, Zhang YB, Roe J, Massry SG. Parathyroid hormone
increases cytosolic calcium concentration in adult rat cardiac
myocytes. Am J Physiol. 1993;264:H1998-2006.
- Stefanovic
V, Mitic M, Golubovic E, Rajic M, Avramovic V, Ignjatovic I.
Transperitoneal removal of osteocalcin, calcitonin and parathyroid
hormone in patients treated by CAPD. Nephron. 1996;74:216-7.
- Stehman-Breen
CO, Sherrard DJ, Alem MM, et al. Risk factors for hip fracture
among patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int. 2000;58:2200-5.
- Stein
MS, Packham DK, Ebeling PR, et al. Prevalence and risk factors
for osteopenia in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1996;28:515-22.
- Stern
PH, De Olazabal J, Bell NH. Evidence for abnormal regulation
of circulating 1 ,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in patients with sarcoidosis
and normal calcium metabolism. J Clin Invest. 1980;66:852-5.
- Stracke
S, Jehle PM, Sturm D, et al. Clinical course after total parathyroidectomy
without autotransplantation in patients with end-stage renal failure.
Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;33:304-11.
- Sugimoto
T, Ritter C, Morrissey J, Hayes C, Slatopolsky E. Effects
of high concentrations of glucose on PTH secretion in parathyroid
cells. Kidney Int. 1990;37:1522-7.
- Szabo
A, Merke J, Beier E, Mall G, Ritz E. 1,25(OH) vitamin D3 inhibits
parathyroid cell proliferation in experimental uremia. Kindey
Int. 1989;35:1049-56.
- Tamashiro
M, Iseki K, Sunagawa O, et al. Significant association between
the progression of coronary artery calcification and dyslipidemia
in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;38:64-9.
- Tian
J, Smogorzewski M, Kedes L, Massry SG. PTH-PTHrP receptor
mRNA is down-regulated in chronic renal failure. Am J Nephrol.
1994;14:41-6.
- Tintut
Y, Demer LL. Recent advances in multifactorial regulation
of vascular calcification. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2001;12:555-60.
- Tokumoto
M, Tsuruya K, Fukada K, Kanai H, Kuroki S, Hirakata H. Reduced
p21, p27 and vitamin D receptor in the nodular hyperplasia in
patients with advanced secondary hyperparathyroidism. Kidney Int.
2002;62:1196-207.
- Tokuyama
T, Ikeda T, Sato K, Mimura O, Morita A, Tabata T. Conjunctival
and corneal calcification and bone metabolism in hemodialysis
patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:291-6.
- Tominaga
Y, Grimelius L, Falkner U, Johanson H, Falkner S. DNA ploidy
pattern of parathyroid parenchymal cells in renal secondary hyperparathyroidism
with relapse. Anal Cell Pathol. 1991;3:325-33.
- Tominaga
Y, Kohara S, Namii Y, et al. Clonal analysis of nodular parathyroid
hyperplasia in renal hyperparathyroidism. World J Surg. 1996;20:744-52.
- Tominaga
Y, Tanaka Y, Sato K, et al. Recurrent renal hyperparathyroidism
and DNA analysis of autografted parathyroid tissue. World J Surg.
1992;16:595-603.
- Tominaga
Y, Tsuzuki T, Uchida K, et al. Expression of PRAD1/cyclin
D1, retinoblastoma gene products, and Ki67 in parathyroid hyperparathyroidism
caused by chronic renal failure versus primary adenoma. Kidney
Int. 1999;55:1375-83.
- Torres
A, Lorenzo V, Hernandez D, et al. Bone disease in predialysis,
hemodialysis, and CAPD patients: Evidence of a better response
to PTH. Kidney Int. 1995;47:1434-42.
- Torres
A, Machado M, Concepcion MT, et al. Influence of vitamin D
receptor genotype on bone mass changes after renal transplantation.
Kidney Int. 1996;50:1726-33.
- Torres A, Hernandez D, Barros N, Rodriguez M, Lorenzo V, Felsenfeld
AJ. Decreased osteoblast response to PTH as a predisposing factor
for adynamic bone disease (ABD) in older dialysis patients. J
Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:550A.
- Ueda
M, Inaba M, Okuno S, et al. Clinical usefulness of the serum
N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen as a marker of bone formation
in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;40:802-9.
- Urena
P, Kong XF, Abou-Samra AB, et al. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related
peptide receptor messenger ribonucleic acids are widely distributed
in rat tissues. Endocrinology. 1993;133:617-23.
- Urena
P, Kubrusly M, Mannstadt M, et al. The renal PTH/PTHrP receptor
is down-regulated in rats with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int.
1994;45:605-11.
- Urena
P, Ferreira A, Kung VT, et al. Serum pyridinoline as a specific
marker of collagen breakdown and bone metabolism in hemodialysis
patients. J Bone Min Res. 1995;10:932-9.
- Urena
P, Ferreira A, Morieux C, Drüeke TB, de Vernejoul MC. PTH/PTHrP
receptor mRNA is down-regulated in epiphyseal cartilage growth
plate of uremic rats. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996;11:2008-16.
- Urena
P, Hruby M, Ferreira A, Ang KS, de Vernejoul MC. Plasma total
versus bone alkaline phosphatase as markers of bone turnover in
hemodialysis patients. J Amer Soc Nephrol. 1996;7:506-12.
- Usdin
TB, Gruber C, Bonner TI. Identification and functional expression
of a receptor selectively recognizing parathyroid hormone, the
PTH-2 receptor. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:15455-8.
- Usdin
TB, Bonner TI, Harta G, Mezey E. Distribution of parathyroid
hormone-2 receptor messenger RNA in rat. Endocrinology. 1996;137:4285-97.
- Venkataraman
PS, Han BK, Tsang RC, Daugherty CC. Secondary hyperparathyroidism
and bone disease in infants receiving long term furosemide therapy.
Am J Dis Child. 1983;137:1157-61.
- Vincenti
F, Arnaud SB, Recker R, et al. Parathyroid and bone response
of the diabetic patient to uremia. Kidney Int. 1984;25:677-82.
- Wallfeldt
C, Gylfe E, Larsson R, Ljunghall S, Rastad J, Akerstrom G.
Relationship between external and cytoplasmic calcium concentrations,
parathyroid hormone release and weight of parathyroid glands in
human hyperparathyroidism. J Endocrinol. 1988;116:457-64.
- Wayhs
R, Zelinger A, Raggi P. High coronary artery calcium scores
pose an extremely elevated risk for hard events. J Am Coll Cardiol.
2002;39:225-30.
- Weinreich
T, Passlick-Deetjen J, Ritz E. Low dialysate calcium in continuous
ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a randomized controlled multicenter
trial (The Peritoneal Dialysis Multicenter Study Group). Am J
Kidney Dis. 1995;25:452-60.
- Weinreich
T, Zapf J, Schmidt-Gayk H, Ritzel H, Delling G, Reichel H.
Insulin-like growth factor 1 and 2 serum concentrations in dialysis
patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism and adynamic bone
disease. Clin Nephrol. 1999;51:27-33.
- Wilmer
WA, Magro CM. Calciphylaxis: emerging concepts in prevention,
diagnosis, and treatment. Semin Dial. 2002;15:172-86.
- Wiske
PS, Epstein S, Bell NH, Queener SF, Edmondson J, Johnston jr CC.
Increases in immunoreactive parathyroid hormone with age. N Engl
J Med. 1979;300:1419-21.
- Yajima
A, Tanaka K, Tominaga Y, et al. Early changes of bone histology
and circulating markers of bone turnover after parathyroidectomy
in hemodialysis patients with severe hyperparathyroidism. Clin
Nephrol. 2001;56:27-34.
- Yamamoto
M, Igarashi T, Muramatsu M, Fukagawa M, Motokura T, Ogata E.
Hypocalcemia increases and hypercalcemia decreases the steady-state
level of parathyroid hormone messenger RNA in the rat. J Clin
Invest. 1989;83:1053-6.
- Yi
H, Fukagawa M, Yamato H, Kumagai M, Watanabe T, Kuragawa K.
Prevention of enhanced parathyroid hormone secretion, synthesis
and hyperplasia by mild dietary phosphorus restriction in early
chronic renal failure in rats - Possible direct role of phosphorus.
Nephron. 1995;70:242-8.
|
|